Splinesmuhimman kayan aikin injiniya ne da ake amfani da su wajen watsa karfin juyi tsakanin shafts da sassan haɗuwa kamar gears ko pulleys. Duk da cewa suna iya zama kamar masu sauƙi, zaɓar nau'in spline da mizani daidai yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aiki, dacewa, da ingancin masana'antu.
1. Ma'aunin ISO (Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa)
ISO 4156– Yana bayyana madaidaitan ramukan involute masu kusurwa uku da huɗu tare da kusurwoyin matsi na 30°, 37.5°, da 45°.
ISO 4156-1: Girma
ISO 4156-2: Dubawa
ISO 4156-3: Juriya
ISO 14- Yana rufe layukan ma'aunin ma'auni (tsohon misali, wanda aka maye gurbinsa da ISO 4156).
2. Ma'aunin ANSI (Amurka)
ANSI B92.1- Yana rufe kusurwar matsin lamba ta 30°, 37.5°, da 45° (wanda aka dogara da inci).
ANSI B92.2M- Sigar ma'aunin ma'aunin spline mai lamba involute (daidai yake da ISO 4156).
3. Ma'aunin DIN (Jamus)
DIN 5480– Ma'aunin Jamusanci don ma'aunin involute splines bisa tsarin module (ana amfani da shi sosai a Turai).
DIN 5482- Tsohuwar ma'auni don ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ke cikin module.
4. Ma'aunin JIS (Japan)
JIS B 1603– Ma'aunin Japan don splines masu haɗaka (daidai yake da ISO 4156 da ANSI B92.2M).
5. Ka'idojin SAE (Motoci)
SAE J498- Yana rufe layukan da ba a haɗa su ba don aikace-aikacen motoci (wanda aka haɗa da ANSI B92.1).
Mahimman Sigogi na Involute Splines:
1. Adadin Hakora (Z)
● Jimillar adadin haƙoran da ke kan spline.
● Yana shafar watsa karfin juyi da kuma dacewa da sassan mating
2. Diamita na faranti (d)
● Girman da kaurin haƙorin yake daidai da faɗin sarari.
● Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi azaman diamita na tunani don lissafi.
● Yana da mahimmanci don tantance dacewa da ƙarfin juyi.
3. Kusurwar Matsi (α)
● Ƙimar gama gari:30°, 37.5°, da kuma 45°
● Yana bayyana siffar siffar haƙori.
● Yana tasiri ga rabon hulɗa, ƙarfi, da kuma dawowar baya.
4. Module (Metric) ko Diameter (Inch):Yana bayyana girman haƙori.
5. Babban Diamita (D)
● Mafi girman diamita na spline (ƙarshen haƙoran waje ko tushen haƙoran ciki).
6. Ƙaramin diamita (d₁)
● Mafi ƙarancin diamita na spline (tushen haƙoran waje ko ƙarshen haƙoran ciki).
7. Diamita na Tushe (d_b)
● An ƙididdige kamar haka:
● Ana amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar bayanin martaba mai shiga ciki.
8. Kauri da Faɗin Sarari
●Kauri da haƙori(a da'irar filin wasa) dole ne ya dacefaɗin sararia kan ɓangaren haɗuwa.
● Yana shafar yanayin dawowa da kuma dacewa (sharewa, sauyawa, ko tsangwama).
9. Tabbacin Fom (C_f)
● Sarari a tushen don ba da damar cire kayan aiki da kuma hana tsangwama.
● Muhimmi ne musamman a cikin splines na ciki.
10. Ajin Daidaituwa / Juriya
● Yana bayyana rabuwar ko tsangwama tsakanin sassan da suka haɗu.
● ANSI B92.1 ya haɗa da azuzuwan dacewa kamar Aji na 5, 6, 7 (ƙara matsewa).
● DIN da ISO suna amfani da yankunan haƙuri da aka ƙayyade (misali, H/h, Js, da sauransu).
11. Faɗin Fuska (F)
● Tsawon axial na haɗin spline.
● Yana shafar watsa karfin juyi da juriyar lalacewa.
Nau'in Daidaitawa:
Daidaita Gefen- Yana aika karfin juyi ta hanyar gefen spline.
Babban Diamita Daidaita- Cibiya a kan babban diamita.
Ƙaramin Diamita Daidaita- Cibiya a kan ƙaramin diamita.
Darussan Haƙuri:Yana bayyana daidaiton kera kayayyaki (misali, Aji na 4, Aji na 5 a cikin ANSI B92.1).
Aikace-aikace:
Watsawa ta mota
Sassan sararin samaniya
Shafts na injinan masana'antu
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-23-2025